Kuki silicone y'amazi ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu nzego zitandukanye?

1. Intangiriro ya silicone y'amazi hamwe n'ibumba ryongeraho

Urusenda rwa silicone rw'amazi rufite uburyo bwo kongeramo ibintu rugizwe na polysiloxane ya vinyl nk'umusenda w'ibanze, polysiloxane ifite Si-H nk'umusenda uhuza ibintu, iyo hari katalyst ya platine, mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba cyangwa mu bushyuhe munsi y'uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu bya silicone. Bitandukanye na silicone y'amazi ivanze, uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu bwa silicone y'amazi ntibutanga umusaruro ukomoka kuri byo, gushonga guto, vulcanization yimbitse kandi nta kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bikoranaho. Ifite ibyiza byo kuba ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, irwanya imiti cyane kandi irwanya ikirere, kandi ishobora gufata ku buso butandukanye byoroshye. Kubwibyo, ugereranije na silicone y'amazi ivanze, iterambere rya silicone y'amazi ririhuta. Kuri ubu, ryakoreshejwe cyane mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, imashini, ubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, imodoka n'ibindi.

2. Ibice by'ingenzi

Polima y'ibanze

Polysiloxane ebyiri zikurikira zirimo vinyl zikoreshwa nk'ibipimo by'ibanze byo kongeramo silicone y'amazi. Ingano ya molekile zabo ni nini, muri rusange kuva ku bihumbi kugeza ku 100.000-200.000. Polymeri y'ibanze ikoreshwa cyane mu bipimo by'amazi byongewemo ni α,ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. Byagaragaye ko uburemere bwa molekile n'ingano ya vinyl bya polymer y'ibanze bishobora guhindura imiterere ya silicone y'amazi.

umukozi uhuza

Uburyo bwo guhuza bukoreshwa mu kongeramo silicone y'amazi yo gushushanya ni polysiloxane y'umwimerere irimo imigozi irenga 3 ya Si-H muri molekyuli, nka linear methyl-hydropolysiloxane irimo itsinda rya Si-H, ring methyl-hydropolysiloxane na MQ resin irimo itsinda rya Si-H. Ikoreshwa cyane ni linear methylhydropolysiloxane y'imiterere ikurikira. Byagaragaye ko imiterere ya silika gel ishobora guhinduka hakoreshejwe guhindura ingano ya hydrogen cyangwa imiterere ya cross linking agent. Byagaragaye ko ingano ya hydrogen y'ikintu gihuza crosslinking ijyanye n'imbaraga zo gukurura no gukomera kwa silika gel. Gu Zhuojiang n'abandi babonye amavuta ya silicone arimo hydrogen afite imiterere itandukanye, uburemere butandukanye bwa molekile n'ingano itandukanye ya hydrogen binyuze mu guhindura inzira na formula yo guhuza, maze bayakoresha nk'ikintu gihuza crosslinking kugira ngo bahuze kandi bongeremo silicone y'amazi.

katalizeri

Mu rwego rwo kunoza imikorere myiza ya catalyst, hateguwe platinum-vinyl siloxane complexes, platinum-alkyne complexes na platinum-modified platinum complexes. Uretse ubwoko bwa catalyst, ingano y'ibicuruzwa bya silikoni by'amazi nabyo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere. Byasanze kongera ubwinshi bwa catalyst ya platinum bishobora guteza imbere reaction cross-linking hagati y'amatsinda ya methyl no kubuza kubora k'urunigi rw'ingenzi.

Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, uburyo bwo gukurura silicone y’amazi asanzwe ni uburyo bwo gukurura amashanyarazi hagati ya polymer y’ibanze irimo vinyl n’umugozi wa polymer irimo hydrosilylation. Ubusanzwe uburyo bwo gukurura silicone y’amazi asanzwe busaba ibumba rikomeye kugira ngo rikore ibicuruzwa bya nyuma, ariko ubu buryo gakondo bwo gukora bufite ingaruka mbi zo guhenda cyane, igihe kirekire, n’ibindi. Akenshi ibicuruzwa ntibikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa by’ikoranabuhanga. Abashakashatsi basanze urukurikirane rwa silica zifite imiterere myiza rushobora gutegurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bushya bwo gukaraba hakoreshejwe silica y’amazi ya mercaptan - double bond addition. Imiterere yayo myiza ya mekanike, ubushyuhe bwayo buhamye n’urumuri rutuma ikoreshwa mu bindi bice bishya. Hashingiwe ku mikorere ya mercapto-ene bond hagati ya polysiloxane ya mercaptan ikora neza na polysiloxane ya vinyl ifite uburemere butandukanye bwa molekile, hateguwe elastomer za silica zifite ubukana bushobora guhinduka n’imiterere ya mekanike. Elastomer zacapwe zigaragaza ubushobozi bwo gucapa bwinshi n’imiterere myiza ya mekanike. Uburebure bw'ama-silicone elastomer mu gihe cyo gucika bushobora kugera kuri 1400%, ari hejuru cyane ugereranyije na elastomer za UV zivura ndetse zikanaruta elastomer za silicone zivura ubushyuhe cyane. Hanyuma hashyizweho elastomer za silicone zivura ubushyuhe bwinshi kuri hydrogels zirimo nanotubes za karuboni kugira ngo hategurwe ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bivura ubushyuhe. Silicone icapwa kandi itunganywa ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa muri robo zoroshye, actuators zoroshye, implants zo kwa muganga n'izindi nzego.